Mental Health and Mental Illness Fundamentals Part 1 Counselor Toolbox 284

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16 Jul 2021

SUBSCRIBE and click the BELL to get notified when new videos are uploaded Unlimited CEUs 59 based on these videos at a https 3A 2F 2Fallceus com a for social work counseling marriage and family therapy addiction counseling case management pastoral counseling and more Want to chat with me Join me at a https 3A 2F 2Fmembers docsnipes com 2F a For 10 month you get access to my tips for health and wellness and you can text chat with me privately CEUs are available for this presentation at AllCEUs a https 3A 2F 2Fwww allceus com 2Fmember 2Fcart 2Findex 2Fproduct 2Fid 2F62 2Fc 2F a Want to listen to it as a podcast instead Subscribe to Counselor Toolbox Podcast Neuroscience of Mental Health Creation of emotions and our ability to think and perceive things occurs in the brain The workings of the brain depend on the nerve cells being able to communicate with each other Structural Nutritional Each neuron makes over 1000 connections The frontal lobe is involved with motor behavior The prefrontal cortex is responsible for planning and integrating cognitive and emotional streams of information The brain continues to develop until about age 25 Electrical signals from the neuron are converted to chemicals called neurotransmitters Neurotransmitters are released from the sending neuron into the space between neurons They attach like a key into a lock called a receptor This triggers the receiving neuron to pass on the signal The more receptors that are stimulated the more intense the reaction Excitatory Neurotransmitters include norepinephrine and glutamate Inhibitory neurotransmitters include GABA and to some extent serotonin Other neurotransmitters include dopamine 5 acetylcholine endorphins natural opiates substance P pain anxiety stress Neurotransmitter availability is impacted by The presence of other neurotransmitters and hormones Quality and quantity of the neurotransmitter Vitamins and minerals help break down amino acids proteins to make neurotransmitters Without proper nutrition and adequate stress management the neurons will not be able to function effectively Anxiety Triggers the fight or flight response OCD panic disorder and phobias are in this family OCD has components of Anxious emotions Obsessional thinking Behavioral compulsions It is estimated that 45 of people will experience an addiction in their lifetime Risk and protective factors Individual Biological Psychosocial Correlation causation leading to consequences Epidemiology cont Causes of health and disease are generally viewed as a product of the interplay or interaction between biological psychological and sociocultural factors Biopsychosocial model One factor by itself may not weigh heavily but the combination of factors are exponentially additive Biological Factors No single gene or even a combination of genes dictates environmental factors e g psychosocial environment nutrition health care access can play a significant role in the severity and course of a disorder Biological cont Infectious agents can penetrate into the brain where they can cause mental disorders HIV-associated dementia Caused not by direct infection of neurons but by infection of immune cells known as macrophages which indirectly cause dysfunction and death in nearby neurons by releasing toxins New classification of OCD called PANDAS pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infection PANDAS are caused by antibodies against the strep infection that also manage to attack the basal ganglia region of the child s brain Biological Protective Factors Adequate prenatal care Adequate medical care Proper hygiene and health practices Psychosocial Protective Factors Environment Safe nurturing stimulating Protection from Abuse and neglect Abandonment and life stress Household member with mental illness or substance use disorder Household conflict family dysfunction Consistent support Positive peer relationships School success A sense of control over environment Individual Protective Factors Full term birth Prematurity Early intervention for Developmental delays Genetic or illness related Physical disabilities Comorbid mental health issues Temperament High self-esteem Nutrition Sleep Summary Mental health is largely impacted by the functioning of the brain and the learning experiences of the person Psychosocial protection includes ensuring a safe supportive environment and the development of healthy coping skills Individual protection includes good health behaviors development of self-esteem understanding one s temperament and needs and receiving early intervention for any traumas developmental delays or disabilities