Neuropsychobiology Dopamine GABA Serotonin and Acetylcholine with Dr Dawn-Elise Snipes

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16 Jul 2021

SUBSCRIBE and click the BELL to get notified when new videos are uploaded Unlimited CEUs 59 based on these videos at allceus com for social work counseling marriage and family therapy addiction counseling case management pastoral counseling and more Want to chat with me Join me at a https 3A 2F 2Fmembers docsnipes com 2F a For 10 month you get access to my tips for health and wellness and you can text chat with me privately CEUs for this course can be found here a https 3A 2F 2Fwww allceus com 2Fmember 2Fcart 2Findex 2Fproduct 2Fid 2F488 2Fc 2F a by Dr Dawn-Elise Snipes Mechanism of action purpose Where is it found Precursor L-DOPA is synthesized in brain and kidneys Dopamine functions in several parts of the peripheral nervous system In blood vessels it inhibits norepinephrine release and acts as a vasodilator relaxation In the pancreas it reduces insulin production In the digestive system it reduces gastrointestinal motility and protects intestinal mucosa In the immune system it reduces lymphocyte activity Symptoms of excess insufficiency Most antipsychotic drugs are dopamine antagonists Dopamine antagonist drugs are also some of the most effective anti-nausea agents Changes in dopamine levels may also cause age-related changes in cognitive flexibility Symptoms of excess insufficiency Insufficient dopamine Nutritional building blocks Eating a diet high in magnesium and tyrosine rich foods will ensure you ve got the basic building blocks needed for dopamine production Medications Most common dopamine antagonists positive symptoms Risperdone Haldol Zyprexa Metoclopramide Reglan is an antiemetic and antipsychotic Dopamine Hypothesis Patients with schizophrenia do not typically show measurably increased levels of brain dopamine activity Other dissociative drugs notably ketamine and phencyclidine that act on glutamate NMDA receptors and not on dopamine receptors can produce psychotic symptoms Those drugs that do reduce dopamine activity are a very imperfect treatment for schizophrenia they only reduce a subset of symptoms while producing severe short-term and long-term side effects GABA Mechanism of action purpose Anti-anxiety Anti-convulsant GABA is made from glutamate GABA functions as an inhibitory neurotransmitter Glutamate acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter GABA does the opposite and tells the adjoining cells not to fire Where they are found Close to 40 of the synapses in the human brain work with GABA and therefore have GABA receptors Medications Drugs that act as allosteric modulators of GABA receptors known as GABA analogues or GABAergic drugs or increase the available amount of GABA typically have relaxing anti-anxiety and anti-convulsive effect Gabapentin neurontin is a GABA analogue used to treat epilepsy and neurotic pain Benzodiazepines and Barbiturates including GHB Valium Xanax Serotonin Mechanism of action purpose Helps regulate Mood Sleep patterns Appetite Pain Serotonin Insufficiency Depression Anxiety Pain sensitivity Acetylcholine Their mechanism of action purpose In lower amounts ACh can act like a stimulant by releasing norepinephrine NE and dopamine DA Memory Motivation Higher-order thought processes Sexual desire and activity Sleep Acetylcholine Symptoms of excess Depression all symptoms Nightmares Mental Fatigue Anxiety Inverse relationship between serotonin and acetylcholine Insufficiency Alzheimers dementia Parkinsons Impaired cognition attention and arousal Cholinergic and GABAergic pathways are intimately connected in the hippocampus and basal forebrain complex It is not always about increasing a neurotransmitter Sometimes you need to decrease it Human brains try to maintain homeostasis and too much or too little can be bad A balanced diet will provide the brain the necessary nutrients in synergystic combinations integrative counseling integrative behavioral health